Articles | Volume 7, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-7-35-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-7-35-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A generalized Spatio-Temporal Threshold Clustering method for identification of extreme event patterns
Vitaly Kholodovsky
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, USA
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Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 4465–4494, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4465-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4465-2021, 2021
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Hao He, Xin-Zhong Liang, Chao Sun, Zhining Tao, and Daniel Q. Tong
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We studied the trend of US ozone pollution from 1990 to 2015 using EPA observations and computer simulations. Observations indicated a decrease in peak ozone at noon due to regulations and a slight increase in ozone in early morning and late afternoon possibly. Our modeling system confirmed these findings and provided detailed information about ozone photochemistry. These results revealed the success of previous control measures and provide scientific evidence for the future regulations.
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Nonlinear time series models for the North Atlantic Oscillation
Comparing forecast systems with multiple correlation decomposition based on partial correlation
Postprocessing ensemble forecasts of vertical temperature profiles
Using wavelets to verify the scale structure of precipitation forecasts
Automated detection of weather fronts using a deep learning neural network
Low-visibility forecasts for different flight planning horizons using tree-based boosting models
Skewed logistic distribution for statistical temperature post-processing in mountainous areas
Hourly probabilistic snow forecasts over complex terrain: a hybrid ensemble postprocessing approach
A statistical framework for conditional extreme event attribution
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A path towards uncertainty assignment in an operational cloud-phase algorithm from ARM vertically pointing active sensors
Characterization of extreme precipitation within atmospheric river events over California
Jhayron S. Pérez-Carrasquilla, Paola A. Montoya, Juan Manuel Sánchez, K. Santiago Hernández, and Mauricio Ramírez
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 9, 121–135, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-9-121-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-9-121-2023, 2023
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This study uses tree-based machine learning (ML) to forecast PM2.5 in a complex terrain region. The models show the potential to predict pollution events with several hours of anticipation, and they integrate multiple sources of information, including in situ stations, satellite data, and deterministic model outputs. The importance analysis helps understand the processes affecting air quality in the region and highlights the relevance of external sources of pollution in PM2.5 predictability.
Thomas Önskog, Christian L. E. Franzke, and Abdel Hannachi
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 6, 141–157, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-141-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-141-2020, 2020
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The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a significant impact on seasonal climate and surface weather conditions throughout Europe, North America and the North Atlantic. In this paper, we study a number of linear and nonlinear models for a station-based time series of the daily winter NAO. We find that a class of nonlinear models, including both short and long lags, excellently reproduce the characteristic statistical properties of the NAO. These models can hence be used to simulate the NAO.
Rita Glowienka-Hense, Andreas Hense, Sebastian Brune, and Johanna Baehr
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 6, 103–113, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-103-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-103-2020, 2020
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A new method for weather and climate forecast model evaluation with respect to observations is proposed. Individually added values are estimated for each model, together with shared information both models provide equally on the observations. Finally, shared model information, which is not present in the observations, is calculated. The method is applied to two examples from climate and weather forecasting, showing new perspectives for model evaluation.
David Schoenach, Thorsten Simon, and Georg Johann Mayr
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 6, 45–60, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-45-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-45-2020, 2020
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State-of-the-art statistical methods are applied to postprocess an ensemble of numerical forecasts for vertical profiles of air temperature. These profiles are important tools in weather forecasting as they show the stratification and the static stability of the atmosphere. Flexible regression models combined with the multi-dimensionality of the data lead to better calibration and representation of uncertainty of the vertical profiles.
Sebastian Buschow and Petra Friederichs
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 6, 13–30, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-13-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-6-13-2020, 2020
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Two-dimensional wavelet transformations can be used to analyse the local structure of predicted and observed precipitation fields and allow for a forecast verification which focuses on the spatial correlation structure alone. This paper applies the novel concept to real numerical weather predictions and radar observations. Systematic similarities and differences between nature and simulation can be detected, localized in space and attributed to particular weather situations.
James C. Biard and Kenneth E. Kunkel
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 5, 147–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-5-147-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-5-147-2019, 2019
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A deep learning convolutional neural network (DL-FRONT) was around 90 % successful in determining the locations of weather fronts over North America when compared against front locations determined manually by forecasters. DL-FRONT detects fronts using maps of air pressure, temperature, humidity, and wind from historical observations or climate models. DL-FRONT makes it possible to do science that was previously impractical because manual front identification would take too much time.
Sebastian J. Dietz, Philipp Kneringer, Georg J. Mayr, and Achim Zeileis
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 5, 101–114, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-5-101-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-5-101-2019, 2019
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Low-visibility conditions reduce the flight capacity of airports and can lead to delays and supplemental costs for airlines and airports. In this study, the forecasting skill and most important model predictors of airport-relevant low visibility are investigated for multiple flight planning horizons with different statistical models.
Manuel Gebetsberger, Reto Stauffer, Georg J. Mayr, and Achim Zeileis
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 5, 87–100, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-5-87-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-5-87-2019, 2019
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This article presents a method for improving probabilistic air temperature forecasts, particularly at Alpine sites. Using a nonsymmetric forecast distribution, the probabilistic forecast quality can be improved with respect to the common symmetric Gaussian distribution used. Furthermore, a long-term training approach of 3 years is presented to ensure the stability of the regression coefficients. The research was based on a PhD project on building an automated forecast system for northern Italy.
Reto Stauffer, Georg J. Mayr, Jakob W. Messner, and Achim Zeileis
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 4, 65–86, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-4-65-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-4-65-2018, 2018
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Snowfall forecasts are important for a range of economic sectors as well as for the safety of people and infrastructure, especially in mountainous regions. This work presents a novel statistical approach to provide accurate forecasts for fresh snow amounts and the probability of snowfall combining data from various sources. The results demonstrate that the new approach is able to provide reliable high-resolution hourly snowfall forecasts for the eastern European Alps up to 3 days ahead.
Pascal Yiou, Aglaé Jézéquel, Philippe Naveau, Frederike E. L. Otto, Robert Vautard, and Mathieu Vrac
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 3, 17–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-3-17-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-3-17-2017, 2017
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The attribution of classes of extreme events, such as heavy precipitation or heatwaves, relies on the estimate of small probabilities (with and without climate change). Such events are connected to the large-scale atmospheric circulation. This paper links such probabilities with properties of the atmospheric circulation by using a Bayesian decomposition. We test this decomposition on a case of extreme precipitation in the UK, in January 2014.
Jérôme Pernin, Mathieu Vrac, Cyril Crevoisier, and Alain Chédin
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 2, 115–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-2-115-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-2-115-2016, 2016
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Here, we propose a classification methodology of various space-time atmospheric datasets into discrete air mass groups homogeneous in temperature and humidity through a probabilistic point of view: both the classification process and the data are probabilistic. Unlike conventional classification algorithms, this methodology provides the probability of belonging to each class as well as the corresponding uncertainty, which can be used in various applications.
Laura D. Riihimaki, Jennifer M. Comstock, Kevin K. Anderson, Aimee Holmes, and Edward Luke
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 2, 49–62, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-2-49-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-2-49-2016, 2016
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Between atmospheric temperatures of 0 and −38 °C, clouds contain ice crystals, super-cooled liquid droplets, or a mixture of both, impacting how they influence the atmospheric energy budget and challenging our ability to simulate climate change. Better cloud-phase measurements are needed to improve simulations. We demonstrate how a Bayesian method to identify cloud phase can improve on currently used methods by including information from multiple measurements and probability estimates.
S. Jeon, Prabhat, S. Byna, J. Gu, W. D. Collins, and M. F. Wehner
Adv. Stat. Clim. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 1, 45–57, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-1-45-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-1-45-2015, 2015
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This paper investigates the influence of atmospheric rivers on spatial coherence of extreme precipitation under a changing climate. We use our TECA software developed for detecting atmospheric river events and apply statistical techniques based on extreme value theory to characterize the spatial dependence structure between precipitation extremes within the events. The results show that extreme rainfall caused by atmospheric river events is less spatially correlated under the warming scenario.
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Short summary
Consistent definition and verification of extreme events are still lacking. We propose a new generalized spatio-temporal threshold clustering method to identify extreme event episodes. We observe changes in the distribution of extreme precipitation frequency from large-scale well-connected spatial patterns to smaller-scale, more isolated rainfall clusters, possibly leading to more localized droughts and heat waves.
Consistent definition and verification of extreme events are still lacking. We propose a new...